He aha nā ʻano hoʻopau ʻili i loaʻa no nā pepa titanium a me nā pepa titanium alloy?

Papa TitaniumHe mau pepa metala i hana ʻia mai ka titanium. ʻOiai ua hana nui ʻia lākou me ka titanium, loaʻa iā lākou kona mau waiwai, me ka māmā loa akā paʻa loa a kūpaʻa i ka pala. No laila, hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā ʻoihana e like me ka metallurgy, electronics, healthcare, kemikala, petroleum, pharmaceuticals a me aerospace. Ma muli o nā koi ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana, hana ʻia nā ʻili o nā papa titanium i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole, e hopena ana i nā ʻokoʻa o ko lākou mau waiwai.

No ke aha e pono ai ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili no Nā Mea TitaniumʻO ke kumu nui ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili a me nā waiwai mechanical, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ke komo ʻana. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili no nā mea titanium a me nā mea titanium alloy penei:

I. Nā ʻano hana lapaʻau kemika. ʻO ka maʻamau, pili kēia i kahi kaʻina hana ʻelua-paepae o ka holoi ʻana i ka alkaline a me ka waikawa. ʻO nā pono e komo pū me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pohō metala, ka pono kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pono no ka mālama mua ʻana o ka mīkini, e hopena ana i nā hopena mālama ʻili kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ke kaʻina holoi alkali no ka titanium a me nā titanium alloys e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili i loko o kahi hopena alkali i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻO ka hopena holoi alkali he hopena sodium hydroxide e loaʻa ana he 15-20% sodium nitrate. Hoʻopili kēia hopena me ka unahi oxide ma ka ʻili o ka mea titanium e hana i nā titanates soluble, a laila e wehe ana i ka unahi oxide. ʻO ke kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka mea titanium i loko o kahi ʻauʻau alkali i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no ka mālama ʻana, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka wai a me ka holoi ʻana me ka wai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 5% sodium nitrate i ke kaʻina holoi alkali e hōʻemi nui i ka omo hydrogen i loko o ka titanium maʻemaʻe. He mea nui hoʻi e kāohi pono i ka mahana o ka hopena alkali a me ka manawa hana. Hiki i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa ke hoʻoikaika i ka hopena ma waena o ka metala a me ka hopena, e hoʻonui ana i ka nalowale o ka metala a hiki ke kumu i ka mea titanium e puhi i ke ahi. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā palena hana e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka metala.

ʻO ka maʻamau, pono e mālama mua ʻia nā mea Titanium ma mua o ka holoi ʻana i ka waikawa, no ka laʻana me ka holoi alkali heheʻe, ka wehe ʻana i ka scaling mechanical a i ʻole ke oneblasting. ʻO ka holoi ʻana i ka waikawa o ka titanium he hana electrochemical ia e hopena ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ion metala. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hopena waikawa i hui ʻia me ka waikawa hydrofluoric a i ʻole fluorides no ka holoi ʻana i ka waikawa, pono e uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i ka hiki ke hana ʻia ka hydrogen atomic a molecular paha e ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka ion hydrogen a komo i loko o ka metala, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i ka hydrogen. I mea e pale ai i ka omo ʻana o ka hydrogen i nā mea titanium, pono e kāohi pono ʻia ka lakio o ka waikawa nitric i ka waikawa hydrofluoric i loko o ka hopena holoi waikawa, e hōʻoia ana i ka nui o ka waikawa nitric ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻelima mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka nui o ka waikawa hydrofluoric. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā nui o ka waikawa nitric kiʻekiʻe loa ke hōʻemi i nā helu hopena, hoʻopilikia i ka pono o ka hana ʻana a hoʻopuka i nā nui o nā uahi ʻino, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī o ka hana.

II. Nā ʻano hana lapaʻau kino. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻano hana e like me ke oneblasting (shot blasting) a me ka wili ʻana e wehe i ka unahi oxide, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide a me nā papa i omo ʻia e ke kinoea mai nā ʻili o nā mea titanium. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou e hoʻopili i nā ʻili o nā mea i hana ʻia.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka oneblasting, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kahawai one a i ʻole ke kila kila e holo ana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻili o ka mea hana, a laila e wehe ana i ka unahi oxide mai kona ʻili. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano kemika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka oneblasting, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e wehe i nā kīnā a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea haumia mai nā ʻili o loko o nā paipu. Ua māhele ʻia ka oneblasting o nā titanium alloys i nā ʻano pulu a me nā ʻano maloʻo. Hoʻemi nui ka oneblasting wai i nā pae lepo ma ka wahi hana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka oneblasting maloʻo. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mālama ʻili no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea ʻōpala a me nā mea i ʻōwili ʻia, ʻoiai nā mea pālahalaha a me nā pepa. Ma hope o ka oneblasting, holoi pinepine ʻia nā pepa me ka waikawa e wehe i ka lepo metala.

ʻO ka wili ʻana kekahi o nā kaʻina hana kōkua mua i hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i nā kīnā o ka ʻili, e like me nā māwae, nā pelu a me ke ʻano ʻole, a me ke unahi oxide, mai nā ʻāpana hana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana wili. No kekahi mau mea hoʻohuihui titanium e hiki ke ʻelemakule nui i ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline a i ʻole ka omo hydrogen i ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waikawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wili ʻana e pale i kēia mau pilikia a hoʻokō i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili i makemake ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wili ʻana o ke kāʻei one e wehe i nā kīnā o ka ʻili mai nā paipu i hoʻopau ʻia, nā kaola a me nā papa, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili o ka huahana hope loa. ʻAʻole pili ka wili ʻana i ka haku mele kemika o ka mea i hana ʻia a he liʻiliʻi ke kaumaha koena i nā papa. Eia kekahi, ua hana pono ʻia nā lako wili a loaʻa ka pololei o ka hana ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, he pipiʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka wili ʻana, pono ka mea i hana ʻia e pālahalaha, a ʻo ka lepo titanium i hana ʻia i ka wā o ke one ʻana he lapalapa, e pono ai nā hana palekana koʻikoʻi.

Hāʻawi ʻo ProX Metal i nā papa titanium ma nā ʻano papa like ʻole, me GR1, GR2, GR3, GR4, GR5, GR7 GR9, GR12. Loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻopau ʻili like ʻole. Loaʻa i nā papa me kahi ʻili ʻālohilohi kahi luster i hana ʻia ma ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka metala a kūpono no ka hana maʻamau o ka titanium ʻoihana GR1 a me GR2. He kūpono loa nā papa oneblasted no nā hui titanium-palladium GR7, ʻoiai ʻo ke ʻano ʻino a lākou e hana ai e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka uhi. Hana nui ʻia nā papa i hoʻopau ʻia me ke aniani mai nā mea GR2 a me GR5, i hoʻopili pololei ʻia e hoʻokō i kahi laumania pae lapaʻau. He kūpono nā papa anodised no nā hui titanium-molybdenum-nickel GR12, e hāʻawi ana i nā koho kala like ʻole ma o ke kala electrolytic.

Kāhea iā mā˚oue koho i ka hopena kūpono no kāu pale ʻana i ka corrosion papa titanium papahana, e hoʻohui ana i ka hana, ka maikaʻi, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili.